[BCM] [MOM] [E4] [CR] [BIA] [P5] Inter-Dependencies

Consolidated Report

BIAQ Part 5: Inter-Dependencies for CBF-1 to CBF-6

Understanding the inter-dependencies across the Ministry of Manpower’s critical business functions (CBFs) is a cornerstone of effective business continuity and crisis management.

This chapter, “Part P5: Inter-dependencies for CBF-1 to CBF-6,” provides a structured analysis of how each sub-function interacts internally within MOM and externally with partners, vendors, regulatory bodies, and other stakeholders.

By examining these interconnections, the reader gains insight into the complexity of operational processes, identifies potential bottlenecks, and appreciates how disruptions in one area can cascade across multiple functions.

The content emphasises not only the roles and responsibilities within MOM but also highlights the essential collaboration with external agencies, service providers, and community stakeholders.

The purpose of this chapter is to equip the reader with a clear understanding of the nature and scope of dependencies that underpin MOM’s operational resilience.

Readers are expected to learn how internal units rely on one another for seamless workflows, how external partners and vendors contribute to critical processes, and the upstream and downstream relationships that define business continuity priorities.

By the end of the chapter, the reader should be able to visualise the intricate web of interactions, recognise key dependency risks, and appreciate why managing these interdependencies is essential for minimising disruptions during crises.

Table P5: Inter-Dependencies for CBF-1 to CBF-6

Sub-CBF Code	Sub-CBF	Name of Business Unit or Vendor/ Supplier/ Outsource Partner	Type of Dependency – Internal	Type of Dependency – External	Type of Dependency – Upstream–Downstream	Description of the Nature of Dependency
1.1	Policy & Regulation Design	Policy & Planning Division; Legal Services; Tripartite Partners (NTUC, SNEF); ILO	✔	✔	Upstream	Internal legal and strategic guidance; external bodies contribute standards and feedback.
1.2	Licensing & Permits	Work Pass Division; IT Application Vendor (WP Online); Employers; Employment Agencies	✔	✔	Mutual	Internal approvals; external applications and system uptime.
1.3	Inspections, Monitoring & Investigation	Foreign Manpower Management Division; Occupational Safety & Health Division; External contractors; Employers; Dormitory operators	✔	✔	Upstream & Downstream	Internal coordination and external compliance data interchange.
1.4	Adjudication & Dispute Resolution	Labour Relations & Workplaces Division; Industrial Arbitration Court; TADM	✔	✔	Mutual	Internal coordination with external resolution mechanisms.
1.5	Enforcement Actions & Sanctions	Foreign Manpower Management Division; Legal Services; Law enforcement agencies; Judiciary	✔	✔	Downstream	Internal initiation; external legal proceedings.
1.6	Stakeholder Engagement & Education	Communications & Engagement Dept; TAFEP; Employers’ Federations; Worker Unions; NGOs; Media	✔	✔	Mutual	Internal policy; external outreach and feedback loops.
1.7	Regulatory Intelligence & Risk Management	Policy & Strategy Division; Manpower Research & Statistics Dept; External research & data providers	✔	✔	Upstream	Internal analytics uses external labour market insights.
2.1	Policy & Planning	MOM Policy & Strategy Divisions; Legal Dept; MHA; MTI	✔	✔	Mutual	Coordination on foreign workforce policy alignment.
2.2	Work Pass Application & Issuance	Work Pass Division; IT Systems Ops; Employers; EAs; Medical centres	✔	✔	Upstream / Downstream	Relies on accurate inputs; system availability and outcomes.
2.3	Arrival, Onboarding & Deployment	FWOC; ICA; Employers; Dormitory Operators; Healthcare Providers	✔	Partial ✔	Mutual	Supports clearance, onboarding; depends on external compliance and data.
2.4	Monitoring, Compliance & Enforcement	Enforcement Division; MOH; SPF / ICA; Employers; Dormitories	✔	✔	Mutual	Joint operations and data exchange with external agencies.
2.5	Renewal/Transfer/Exit Management	Work Pass Division; ICA; Employers; Airlines/Repatriation	✔	✔	Upstream / Downstream	Depends on identity verification and exit arrangements.
2.6	Support Services & Well-being	Workforce Well-being & Support Division; NGO Partners; MWC; Healthcare & Support Agencies	✔	✔	Mutual	Internal welfare services interfacing with external partners for care.
3.1	Policy & Standards Development	MOM WSH Policy Division	✔	—	Mutual	Guides WSH standards; relies on operational feedback.
3.2	Legislative & Regulatory Oversight	MOM Legal Services Division	✔	—	Upstream	Supplies legal interpretation for enforcement frameworks.
3.3	Risk-Based Inspections & Enforcement	MOM OSH Inspectorate	✔	—	Downstream	Executes inspections based on policies & intelligence.
3.4	Monitoring & Surveillance Programmes	MOM WSH Analytics & Intelligence Unit	✔	—	Mutual	Provides analytics; depends on inspection data.
3.5	Accident Reporting & Investigation	Employers; Reporting Platforms; Police / SCDF	—	✔	Upstream	Receives accident notifications triggering action.
3.6	Stakeholder Engagement & Education	Employers; Unions; Industry Associations; Training Providers	—	✔	Mutual	Delivers WSH outreach; depends on stakeholder participation.
3.7	Competent Person Certification & Registration	Accredited Certification Bodies; Training Providers	—	✔	Downstream	Uses external certifiers to ensure qualified professionals.
3.8	Performance Monitoring & Reporting	MOM Corporate Planning & Finance Division; MTI / PMO	✔	✔	Downstream	Consolidates performance data for governance.
4.1	Labour Market Analysis & Forecasting	Data Analytics Team; Economic Research Team; Academic/Consultants	✔	✔	Upstream	Internal data with external specialized research.
4.2	Job Matching & Placement Services	MOM Employment Agencies; Recruitment Partners	✔	✔	Downstream	Internal work with external agencies for placements.
4.3	Work Pass & Foreign Talent Policy Services	ICA; MOM Permits Office	✔	✔	Upstream & Downstream	Dependencies on ICA for approvals and verification.
4.4	Skills Development & Transition Support	Workforce Singapore; Training Providers	✔	✔	Mutual	Partners to provide skills programs.
4.5	Incentives & Employment Support Schemes	Finance & Budget Office; External Agencies (NTUC)	✔	✔	Downstream	Finance provides funds; external agencies implement.
4.6	Stakeholder Engagement & Tripartism	Union Reps; Employers’ Federation	✔	✔	Mutual	Continuous dialogue and joint policy efforts.
4.7	Monitoring & Rapid Response	Crisis Mgmt Team; Public Health Authorities	✔	✔	Upstream	Crisis plans rely on external policy updates.
4.8	BCM Integration & Continuity Processes	IT Dept; External BCM Consultants	✔	✔	Mutual	Internal IT and external BCM consultants collaborate.
5.1	Environmental Scanning & Labour Market Analysis	Labour Market Research Unit; Academic/Research Agencies	✔	✔	Upstream	Internal insights plus external data for analysis.
5.2	Policy Development & Formulation	Policy Division; Industry Bodies; Govt Agencies	✔	✔	Upstream	Works with internal research and external stakeholders.
5.3	Strategic Workforce Planning & Scenario Modelling	HR Strategy Unit; External Experts	✔	✔	Mutual	Aligns internal goals with external expertise.
5.4	Stakeholder Engagement & Consultation	Public Relations Unit; Unions/Employers	✔	✔	Downstream	Coordinates internal and external policy feedback.
5.5	Policy Implementation Planning	Implementation Team; Contractors/Vendors	✔	✔	Downstream	Coordinates policy rollout with external vendors.
5.6	Monitoring, Evaluation & Feedback Loops	Monitoring & Evaluation Unit; Evaluation Agencies	✔	✔	Upstream	Gathers internal execution data and external assessments.
5.7	BCM Integration & Contingency Policies	BCM Unit; External BCM Consultants	✔	✔	Mutual	Internal BCM alignment supported by external consultants.
6.1	Governance & Strategic Planning	MOM Strategic Planning Unit	✔	—	Upstream	Provides direction; others align continuity strategies.
6.2	Financial Management & Resource Allocation	MOM Finance Dept; External Auditors	✔	✔	Downstream	Funds support Sub‑CBFs; external audit assures resilience.
6.3	Human Resource Continuity	MOM HR Dept; External Recruitment Agencies	✔	✔	Mutual	HR and recruitment partners ensure continuity.
6.4	Procurement & Contract Management	MOM Procurement Dept; External Vendors	✔	✔	Downstream	Ensures supply continuity via internal and external roles.
6.5	IT Infrastructure & Digital Services Continuity	MOM IT Dept; IT Outsourcing; Cloud Service Providers	✔	✔	Mutual	Internal IT works with external providers for digital ops.
6.6	Internal Administration & Facilities Management	MOM Facilities Mgmt Dept; Contractors	✔	✔	Upstream	Facilities management supports other functions.

The analysis of inter-dependencies across CBF-1 to CBF-6 underscores that no business function operates in isolation within MOM.

Each function is part of a larger ecosystem, where internal coordination and external collaboration are critical to sustaining operations under both normal and crisis conditions.

Recognising these relationships allows management and continuity planners to prioritise resources, implement targeted mitigation measures, and ensure that critical services remain uninterrupted. This understanding also underpins effective risk assessment, contingency planning, and decision-making in complex scenarios.

In conclusion, the chapter reinforces the importance of mapping and monitoring inter-dependencies as a proactive measure in business continuity management.

By highlighting where internal and external reliance exists, and how upstream and downstream processes interact, the reader is better positioned to identify vulnerabilities, strengthen resilience, and design continuity strategies that are both comprehensive and practical.

Ultimately, this chapter lays the groundwork for informed planning and coordination, ensuring MOM can maintain operational effectiveness and safeguard its critical functions during disruptive events.

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